Importance Of Paralinguistic Features In Communication And Their Theoretical Study

Noverbal communication plays an important role in the communication process, and it is in the process of conversation plays an important role in order to increase the effectiveness of speech. Psychology, cultural studies, and sociology are also important in the study of this type of communication. After all, when approaching an event, people approach it primarily on the basis of their worldview, position in society and the environment in which they live, which indicates that the above sciences are inextricably linked with linguistics.

The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations (ISSN -2689-100x) The communicative process can be axial (in which the information is directed only to certain specific people) or retial (in which the information is directed to a number of probable recipients).
The communicator knows how much the recipient understands him when the "communicative roles" change. Because the recipient becomes a communicator and expresses how he understood the content of the information he received from the previous communicator. The following are used as a system of signs in nonverbal communication:  Optical-kinetic system includes gestures (hand motor skills), facial expressions (facial motor skills), pantomime (whole body motor skills). The importance of these signs in communication is so great that a separate field for their study -kinesics -has been formed.  The paralinguistic system consists of sound vocalization, which includes sound qualities, range. The extra-linguistic system includes pauses, coughing, crying, laughing, speech tempo.  The proxemics includes the spatial location of the participants in the communicative process and the communicative speech. The liar tries to cover his palms. One of the signs of high self-esteem from the interlocutor is that the whole palm is in the pocket and the thumb is sticking out. Suspicion is usually expressed by protecting the mouth with the hand, touching the nose, stroking the eyelids, scratching the back of the ear or the neck. Licking the chin, indicates difficulty in making a decision. The state of nervousness is hidden under the fact that a person repeatedly touches something -a wrist ring, a watch, etc. -without any purpose. The tendency to dominate (dominance) in a person can be felt from sitting on a chair with wide legs. Dominance is evident, especially when the protruding leg is trampling the ground with its tip. The hands on the back of the head and the fists on the waist in women also indicate a tendency to strive for dominance. Absent dust on clothing indicates that the wearer is ignoring or disagreeing with the interlocutor's opinion with such a move. If a person is sitting with his palms resting on his palms, it is a sign that he is listening and thinking.
The system of proxemic signs consists of the spatial arrangement of the participants in the communicative process. For example, if the conversation continues, a melody is selected that matches the question being asked. But the specificity of the timbre remains unknown. Therefore, the type of melody is the main factor of speech, and the type of timbre chosen is the paralinguistic factor.
Speech prosody is a key factor in communication, i.e. the use of prosodic parameters during a conversation: syllable, rhythmic structure, syntagma and phrases. Another means of forming prasodic elements is intonation.
We know that intonation is the sum of the sounds of speech (volume, pitch, tone of voice). It is the intonation that helps to understand and master the meaning of the idea, to increase its diversity. Factors that form the basis of intonation: rhythm, tempo, timbre and tone. other. The intonation of a speaker depends directly on the event he is narrating, his character, temperament, and a number of other factors. Intonation also helps to understand the tag meaning in thoughts that are difficult to express in words during a conversation. Also, through intonation, the interlocutor can express his or her pain, joy, surprise, or anger. The main component of intonation is tone. During the filtering process, the tone changes according to the same situation or is chosen by the interlocutor -"the frequency of the sound changes from a constant state and adapts to the selected space, time and state." It is in this process that we see a number of functions of intonation, namely: the division of the thought being expressed into rhythmic groups and syntagms; the connection of the parts of thought being expressed; distinguishing meaning in words; to separate the important parts of the thought being expressed; expression of emotions in words, text; to reveal the attitude of the interlocutor to the opinion he is expressing (irony, seriousness, etc.).

CONCLUSION
Only a small percentage of the brain processes verbal communication. As infants, nonverbal communication is learned from socialemotional communication, making the face rather than voice the dominant communication channel. As children become verbal communicators, they begin to look at facial expressions, vocal tones, and other nonverbal elements more subconsciously. The tone of the speaker's speech serves to enhance the meaning, the effectiveness, of the thought being spoken. Also, the tone chosen in the emphasis of the part of the conversation that the speaker considers important, also forms the specific character of the conversation.