Ancient Uzbek Tribes And Clans Inhabiting In Central Asia

Soon afterward humankind became conscious of his social importance, heinitiated to comprehend the language’s great benefits, the aspiration to make certain that through the tribes lived in the past, it is attainable to determine the historical roots of the language and to find out what is beyond the reach. Despite of the fear of ignorance, doubt and mistakes, diverse human communities began to study their similarities and differences, because of many reasons, including ethnic, tribal, pedigree, climatic, physiological, linguistic and cultural properties, ending with communicative, competently dialectical skills. The antiquity of the Uzbek language is more outstanding when its appearance and development is considered in closely connection with the history of the formation and development of the native people. Without taking into account the historical laws of tribal and clan estates during the development of the Uzbek language, it is impossible to understand its distinct features, the totality of historically determined changes that have occurred not only in vocabulary, but also in the phonetic system, as well as partially in the grammatical structure of the Uzbek language. Therefore, the study of the Uzbek language at different phases of the historical development of the Uzbek people; the identification of its specific features in the grammatical and lexical structures; the establishment of the relationship between the written language and active spoken language, presented in the form of numerous subdialects and dialects; the definition of thedialect assist to a more correct comprehension of the history of the Uzbek language as a whole.

The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations (ISSN -2689-100x) INTRODUCTION Interethnic, interfaith, intercultural and interlanguage tolerance is a historical aspect of the Uzbek people. The language formation process of any nation is directly associated with the history of origin and formation of native speakers of that language. Therefore, the study of the ethnic composition of the Uzbek language is unachievable without the joint efforts of historians, ethnographers, linguists, archaeologists and representatives of other related sciences.History of the Uzbek language is more outstanding when its appearance and development is considered in direct connection with the history of the formation and development of this people. Without taking into account the historical laws of tribal and clan estates during the development of the Uzbek language, it is impossible to understand its distinct features, the totality of historically determined changes that have occurred not only in vocabulary, but also in the phonetic system, as well as partially in the grammatical structure of the Uzbek language.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Therefore, the study of the Uzbek language at different phases of the historical development of the Uzbek people; the identification of its specific features in the grammatical and lexical structures; the formulation of the relationship between the written language and active spoken language, presented in the form of numerous subdialects and dialects; the definition of the dialect fundamentals assist to a more correct comprehension of the history of the Uzbek language as a whole.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
BARLAS -the ethnonym "barlos" has been known since the reign of Chingiz Khan. Rashididdin wrote that the four thousandth army that Chingiz Khan allocated to his son Chagatai consisted of Barlas, in particular, and that, like the Jalairs, they were originally a Mongol tribe called barulos, which means "thick, strong" in the Mongolian language. It also meant "commander, leader, brave warrior" and was correlated with the military courage of the tribe. In the 30-40s of XIII century Barlasesand Jalairs still had a Mongolian identity, then by the 60s-70s of XIV century both of them had already gone through the process of Turkization, primarily through the assimilation of Turkic dialects, as well as having entered into the process of mutual assimilation with the local Turkic population, Barlaswere concentrated in the territory of Kashkadarya region.
The Barlasessettled in the Kashkadaryaoas is in the first half of the XIVcentury. They began to spread to other regions during the period of Amir Temur, who, being of his origin from this tribe, provided them with patronage. It is known that even after his death, Barlasesoccupied an honorable position in the states of the Temurids. Thereby, some of them, after the defeat of his troops by the Dashti-Kipchak Uzbeks, went to India together with Babur.
IntheXVIcenturyBarlases lived on the left and right coast of the Amu Darya. By this time, this tribe had grown due to the accession of other tribes to it, since it was considered prestigious to enter into an alliance with it. However, in the future, after the establishment of the From the abovementioned, we can conclude that on the territory of Central Asia, Durmanswere also part of the Kazakhs, Kyrgyz and Turkmens, to some extent participating in the formation of these peoples. Their dialect belongs to the Kipchak dialect with the use of "dj".
KANGLI-as one of the many ancient ethnic groups, is part of the Uzbek, Karakalpak and Kazakh peoples. The ethnonym "Kangli" is mentioned in the Orhan Ghaziannals (VIII century) as "kengeress"; in the historical work of Constantine VII Flavius Porphyrogenitus (X century) under the name "kangars"; in the work of al-Idrisi (XII century) -"khankakishi". These and subsequent authors believed that the name "kangli" was derived from the name of a tribe or a union of tribes. According to S. G. Klyashtorny, these ethnonyms are directly related to China by the name "Kangyuy." However, it should be noted that the ethnonym "Kangyuy", indicated in the Chinese annals, means the name of an ancient state located in the lower reaches of the Syrdarya and Aral Sea regions. Most of the Mangitsliving in the Karshi desert, Bukhara oasis, in the foothills and mountains of the Samarkand region were engaged in sheep livestock, and in the first two regions they bred Karakul sheep. The Mangits also engaged in agriculture. Their handicrafts were also slightly developed (carpet weaving, weaving of multi-colored fabrics, boz, alachi, kalami, etc.). The long-pile mangit carpet -the zhulhirs -was very famous. The Mangits spoke in the Kipchak dialect of the Uzbek language. But as a result of the merger with the population speaking the Karluk-Chigil dialect, in some places, the Mangits began to speak in The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations (ISSN -2689-100x) Published: September 29, 2020 | Pages: 384-394 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/Volume02Issue09-59 IMPACT FACTOR 2020: 5. 525 mixed language, as evidenced by special studies.

UZBEKS -the ethnic name "
Uzbek" is associated with the name of Uzbek Khan of the Golden Horde, who lived in the first half of the XIV century: "According to some researchers, the name Uzbek (as well as the ethnic name" Uzbek ") came from the name of the people "uz","oz", which were once called in Central Asia." First about the Uzbeks.
In the VI-VII centuries, Uzbeks were part of the Western Turkic Kaganate, and in the VIII century, as part of the Khanate of Turks. In the 60s of VIII century., more precisely in 766, the Karluks, who subjugated most of the Uzbeks, occupied the Chu river basins. Since that time, the Karluks participated in the formation of the Uzbek clan.
Another part of the Uzbeks, who did not obey the Karluks, moved to the Syrdarya, mainly in the desert on the left bank. It was at this time (VIII century) on the shores of the Syrdarya and in the deserts in the southwest and north of the Aral Sea that the union of the Oghuz tribe (guz) was created. Later, in the 9th century, the Oghuz state was created. All the tribes living in this territory, including the ozs, were enslaved by the Oghuzes. A significant part of the bonds, which did not obey the Oghuzes, retreated and settled in the northwestern territory of the Aral Sea. Another part of the Uzbeks remained to live on the banks of the Syrdarya, separated from their fellow tribesmen who retreated to the west. Some groups of Uzbeks who remained to live on the banks of the Syrdarya began to lead a sedentary lifestyle, creating cities and large villages. They named some of them by their own name. For example, a city located between the left bank of the Syrdarya (between the city of Signak and the village of Barchinlikent) and in the west -the river Yaik (Ural) was called Uzkend. It survived until the XIII century. Two mounds in the middle reaches of the Syrdarya are called Ishki-Uzkend and Kirgi-Uzkend and the lake is Uz. One of the cities located in the upper reaches of the Syrdarya (in the Fergana Valley) was called Uzkend (Uzgan) at the beginning of the Middle Ages. But in the XI century, people from the Azgish (Az) tribe livedin Uzkend. Thereby, in the mountainous regions in the north of the Ferghana Valley, in the VIII-X centuries, (maybe even earlier) the ethnicity of the bonds had to live, subsequently moving on to a settled way of life. The bonds that moved to the northwestern territories of the Aral Sea in the middle of the 9th century located between the rivers. There lived the Kangli and Bizhanak tribes (Patzinaks), and in the northeast -the Kipchaks and Kimaks tribes. The Uzbeks strengthened and began to wage aggressive wars with surrounding tribes, especially with the Bizhanaks. Starting from these times, the Uzbek historians were mentioned by Greek historians Constantine VII Flavius Porphyrogenitus(X century), Attiliet (X century), Sclicy (XI century), Anna Komina(XII century) and other Uzbeks were also mentioned in the works of Mashudi (X century) and the Armenian historian Matthew of Edessa (XI century). Constantine VII Flavius Porphyrogenituswrote: "Only the Uzs(Uzbeks) could fight the Patzinaks; they went with large troops to the war with the Khazars". At the beginning of the X century. Uzbeks owned a large territory on the middle reaches of the current Volga River, but did not dominate here for long. In the middle of the X century. Kipchaks who lived in the foothills of the Ural Mountains began to make regular raids. Most of the Uzbeks, unable to withstand the onslaught of the Kipchaks, went to the deserts and settled on the lands along the left bank of the Don. The right bank belonged to the Khazars. Don was the border  IMPACT FACTOR 2020: 5. 525 ancestors lived in the foothills of the Altai and Sayan mountains, on the Tuva territory and were part of the tribal union of the body. In 709, one of the Turkic khans Magilan seized the lands of the Azs, and in 716 his brother Kultegin dealt them a crushing blow. After this, the ethnic group Azs lost their independence and they were divided into several groups. One group left its territory and settled in the Chui valley. These Azs are also mentioned in the works of Ibn Khurdodbeka and Gardizi (11th century). According to the information provided in the sources, the Azs settled in the Chui valley were included in the tribal union of turgesh. V.V. Bartold attributes the Azs to the Azgish, which are a branch of the Turgeshev. In 766, the Karluks occupied the area of Jeti-suu, including the Chui river valley. Some of the Azs obeyed the Karluks and remained on these lands; the other part moved to the lower Syrdarya, a desert near the Aral Sea. As we mentioned above, a significant group of people lived in the city of Uzkend (Uzgan) and its environs. One of the groups of Azs remained in its ancient homeland -in the foothills of the Altai and Sayan mountains. Under the names of az, tertas (turt-az), dueti-az (ettiaz), they are still preserved in the structure of such Altai peoples as Altai-KizhiTeleuts, telly and other Turkic ethnic groups of this region. The term az (and in the form of oz, uz) is found in the names of the localities and rivers of Altai and the Yenisei. As mentioned in the history of the state of Yuan -Yanshi, created in the XIII century. Mongols in the north of the Kyan River (KemEnasay), in it was an area called Us. Ethnicity Az(oz, az-saray) has survived to this day and lives in the Samarkand and Kashkadarya regions, retaining its ethnic name. Based on all the above data, it can be argued that Uz and Az (oz) are the ethnic name of two different tribes, the remains of which have survived to this day.

YUTHS (ZHUZS)
is one of the largest Uzbek tribes. At the end of XIX -beginning of XX century, they lived compactly in two places: theGissarYuths lived inSurkhan and the Gissar Valley, the UratepinianYuths inhabitedin the steppes from Zarafshan to the Syrdarya. According to X. Daniyarov, the Yuthsare considered the largest and most numerous clan among 92 Uzbek tribes and clans. Perhaps the authority of the Yuthsamong the people increased after many members of the Ming, another large Uzbek tribe, urbanized and forgot their tribal origin. Surkhandarya Turkmen Yuthshave 16 genera and are divided into two large groups: zhilontamgali and vokhtamgali. The question of the origin of groups of the genus Yuths(zhuzs) is rather complicated. The date of their relocation to Hisar is not known. Different groups of Yuths, such as Mark, Korabchi and Turkmen Yuths, did not settle in Gissar at the same time. In Jizzakh and its around, to some extent they maintained family relations with the Kazakhs in terms of dialect and culture.