Ways Of Developing Ecological Culture In The Education Of The Young Generation

This article describes the environmental problems not only in our country, but all over the world, and ideas on how to form an ecological culture from the youth of each person to prevent them. A number of suggestions and recommendations were made after reviewing environmental problems and their causes and ways to prevent existing problems.


INTRODUCTION
It is known that everyone has long been interested in knowing and studying the world in which he lives. Indeed, the layer of air that surrounds us, the earth under our feet, the air that is the basis of our existence, the lifeblood of the whole being, the sun, the universe, the stars, the flora and fauna, are all very interesting. Therefore, the existence of the universe and the living organisms in it, the way of life of these organisms, nutrition, The American Journal of Applied sciences (ISSN -2689-0992) reproduction patterns, the emergence of man, atomic molecules, cells, single-celled organisms and their formation are of special importance in science. By the nineteenth century, the development of science had accelerated so much that it was divided into a number of departments, as well as the humanities and natural sciences. The natural sciences are the starting point of all sciences, which teaches that the processes from the beginning of the world to the present develop naturally, not in relation to man, but man participates directly or relatively in the development of these sciences. In today's world where science is vast and rapidly evolving, people who do not know and are not interested in studying the natural sciences cannot be considered to be truly profound thinkers. Because a man, himself is stepping side by side with the science of science or science. [1: 3-4]

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The first definition of the term ecology was given by the famous German biologist Ernest Haeckel in his scientific works such as "General Morphology of Organisms" (1866) and "Natural History of the Creation of the Universe" (1868). According to him, ecology is lexically Greek; oykos (oikos) is a term consisting of a combination of words space, place, place and logos (logos) -science, logic. It refers to the interaction of living organisms with living conditions or the external environment. [2: 16-17] In raising the ecological culture of the younger generation, they need to understand the environmental problems caused by unnecessary use of natural resources, surfing of water, soil, plants or land itself, as well as respect for our motherland, our food, and the ratio of arable land and pastures. The ancient value of water in our country, the installation of housing, the planting of poplars in each family as soon as a son is born, the digging and cleaning of canals in early spring, the repair of roads and bridges, the organization of voluntary works and a number of other measures indicate that the ecological culture is high. Unfortunately, today we have forgotten them, we need to study the heritage of our ancestors and create opportunities to use it in connection with the present.
Ecological culture is the activity of knowledge, consciousness, understanding, literacy, intellectual potential and the ability to apply it in practice, a high level of activity in relation to the environment, a conscious and responsible approach. Basic qualities of ecological knowledge and ecological culture: 1) Moral and ecological consciousness is an important cultural quality of a person, which means that the process of emotional cognition of the environment must perceive, perceive, imagine objects and events in the environment, have practical skills in nature conservation on the basis of intelligence and depth; 2) Environmental responsibility is manifested in the development of attitude and responsibility in the individual, such an attitude is formed only as a result of the person's unintentional, short-sighted understanding of the consequences of negative impact on nature and the desire to eliminate such influences; 3) Ecological willpower -the individual's ability to evaluate and control the actions of himself and others in the environment is associated with the individual's perseverance, thrift, cleanliness and cleanliness. Along with the above concepts, ecological values are of special importance in the formation of the ecological culture of the individual, they include the desire to preserve nature, initiative, consistency, diligence and conscious activity. For example, a type of environmental value, i.e. knowledge of global, regional and local environmental issues, is closely related to concepts such as land, water, energy issues, rational use of natural resources, biodiversity conservation, desertification process, air pollution. It is expedient to bring up an ecologically spiritual person by specialists in kindergartens, schools, lyceums, colleges and universities.An ecologically spiritual person is able to compare objects and phenomena in nature, to form conscious concepts, to plan the attitude to nature in advance, to be sensitive to changes in the environment, to be interested in nature, to feel the beauty of nature, to be persistent in protecting nature. to complete, to take initiatives in environmental protection, to promote new ideas for nature conservation, environmental knowledge, to develop a passion for socially useful work, to acquire labor skills, self-control, to interact with nature and to set norms in its activities to be patriotic, to have a sense of love for mother nature, to love, be proud of and respect the nature of the house, neighborhood, city where he lives, to use natural resources in a sustainable way to meet the needs of present and future generations, to make the environment prosperous in to keep it clean and tidy, to be diligent in nature conservation, purposeful use of natural resources, to be careful with the environment, objects and other phenomena, to regularly apply their ecological knowledge to our values of nature conservation should. [5] In addition to acquiring scientific and theoretical knowledge, it is important for students to be directly involved in practical work in environmental education.
These include school forestry, soil erosion and salinization groups, nature studies, school and residential landscaping, gardening, landscaping, plant and animal protection, planting month, city cleanup month, and Navruz celebrations. holding a day of protection, participating in the treasury month, and so on.
Legal education also plays a special role in the process of environmental education. Because the ecological legal views of any society, the level of development of their relations are determined not by the diversity, but by the effectiveness of the laws on nature protection, which are difficult to apply.
Article 55 of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan stipulates that "Land, subsoil resources, water, flora and fauna and other natural resources are national wealth, they must be used rationally and are under state protection." [6: B] The Land Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan also pays special attention to this issue.  In order to overcome the ecological crisis and continuously address the issues of environmental protection, it is necessary to form a new and valuable legal worldview.
In today's complex world, it is necessary to form an ecological culture in order to preserve the ecology, it is very difficult to balance the world without forming an ecological culture, because it takes a lot of effort and time to prevent it in the future if you do not think about the consequences. are given.
The set of negative changes in nature is causing great damage to human health in the first place. The overall morbidity rate of the population is constantly increasing, including respiratory, gastrointestinal, oncological, allergic, cardiovascular, neurological diseases, and the emergence of new unknown diseases. As a result of negative changes in nature, there are environmental problems characterized by the deterioration of the human habitat. Such problems can be conditionally divided into global, regional and local environmental problems, depending on the scale of the scope.Global environmental problems include the rapidly and erratically growing population, the depletion of raw materials and energy resources, and the pollution of air, water, and soil. Ozone depletion, an increase in the amount of ferrin and SO in the air, and an increase in the average temperature on the ground can also be included in the group of global environmental problems.
Regional environmental problems are problems that are specific to individual regions or countries of the planet in terms of the scale of their impact. For example, drought and famine in some parts of Africa, the problems of some strongly industrialized regions in Western Europe and America, and the problems of the Aral Sea and the Aral Sea region in Uzbekistan are examples of regional environmental problems.
Local environmental problems are manifested in relatively small areas according to the scale of the impact. These are problems specific to specific narrower areas, such as a city, county, or some manufacturing area. When thinking about environmental problems, it is important to keep in mind that their division into groups is very conditional, they can move quickly from one group to another under certain conditions, that is, in fact, environmental problems are not big or small will cause irreparable damage. A brief analysis of the impact of man and society on nature shows that the main factor that destroys nature is that people treat nature in the wrong, irrational, ignorant way in the process of satisfying their needs. The main way to prevent the negative impact of man on nature is to correctly understand the laws of nature and society and use them wisely in the interests of man. It is important that man, in addition to mastering nature in a purposeful way, maintains the relationship between nature and society at the most optimal level. For this, a certain system of ecological knowledge must be sufficiently formed in humans. Therefore, it is one of the most pressing issues of our time that everyone in society, regardless of who they are or what their job is, should have environmental knowledge. Humans interact with nature in the process of meeting their various needs; man's influence on nature is controlled by his consciousness, unlike other living beings; as man's conscious influence on nature increases, a new, anthropogenic type of metabolism of matter and energy is established in nature, and it begins to play a significant role in the processes that take place in nature; the intensification of human influence on nature and, in the process, insufficient attention to or violation of the laws of nature and society, resulting in negative changes in the nature-society system. Such changes aggravate the living conditions of man and society and cause various environmental problems; the deteriorating state of the environment at the present stage of human development is explained by the growing contradictions between nature and society; the prevention and elimination of negative changes in nature and society depends in many respects on the level of environmental knowledge of each individual and members of society. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the deepening of environmental education. [2,[13][14][15][16] The problem of the island is a problem of all the peoples of Central Asia today, because the only water body in the region, the sea, which is an important bulwark of the climate, is disappearing. The cause of such a great tragedy is humanity itself, the ever-increasing number of people, the industrial enterprises and technological processes they create for themselves, the water used to feed people, and we are gradually destroying the Aral Sea. Central Asia is a unique ecosystem. This ecosystem can be maintained in a certain way only through the goal-oriented environmental policy of cooperation between the countries of the region and the perfect development of a In the Index of Economic Freedom, the country recorded positive changes in 7 out of 12 indicators, with a decrease in 3 indicators and no change in 2 indicators.
The report will be presented from the database for the period from July 1, 2019 to July 1, 2020.
The rating includes the environment, personal freedom and public administration efficiency as the weakest points of the republic.
[4] As the economy develops, the need for nature increases. When we are cruel to nature, we need to understand that we need to leave it for our future generations, not to reach developed countries. Let everyone understand that they need to take care of their future, for their children, for their grandchildren.
When we say nature, we mean a complex material being consisting of air, water, soil, rocks, plants and animals that surround us. It is the only source that satisfies all the material and spiritual needs of man. In this respect, comparing her to the mother is not in vain revered as "Mother Nature." Although human intelligence now "sees" distances equivalent to billions of light-years from Earth, it has not yet been determined that there is a nature and way of life in the Universe known to us as the nature of any planet on Earth.The importance of nature for man and society is enormous and diverse. It is economical, depending on the aspects of human satisfaction, scientific, health, educational, and aesthetic. Economic significance means the use of its resources (air, soil, minerals, plants and animals) as the main material source in the organization of various production processes. It is known that all products and raw materials that meet the needs of man and society are created at the expense of natural resources. The scientific significance is determined by the fact that all human knowledge is based on the observation, study, analysis and practical conclusions of nature and the various processes in it. The importance of health is understood as the positive impact of pure natural elements (fresh air, clean water, fertile soil, air forest) and healing natural substances and processes on human health. There is no doubt that our great ancestor Abu Ali ibn Sina, who lived almost a thousand years ago, meant this feature of nature when he said, "Human health is closely linked to external conditions." Educational significance refers to the features of awakening and shaping pure true nature in people such moral qualities as nobility, kindness, tolerance, patriotism, greatness, gentleness. Being in the bosom of nature or being with it often helps people to develop human qualities regardless of their age. One of the causes of the prevalence of mental poverty, indifference, rudeness, anger, cruelty, and savagery in society is that people have fallen into an artificial (man-made) environment and become alienated from nature. The aesthetic significance of nature is incomparable. At the heart of all human beauty, perfection, music, the visual arts, the sense of melody, and the need for them, lies nature. The lush valleys of nature, clear springs and streams, majestic mountains, vast expanses, colorful flowers, beautiful and beautiful birds are not only a source of material blessings for man, but also an inexhaustible source of creation, beauty, taste and spiritual strength. It is obvious that man is inextricably linked with the natural environment, both physically and mentally. It has to constantly exchange matter, energy and information with That is, because of the human mind, it has the ability to change and adapt nature to suit its own needs and purpose. The factor that gives man the right to be active in his relations with nature and to lead among other living beings is formed in the social environment, that is, in society. Based on the above considerations, man can be called a biosocial being that is the product of two, i.e., natural and social environments. Man also has a material (body) and a spiritual (mind) essence. It is a product of nature as a living being, and a product of the social environment (society) because of its consciousness. People with different consciousnesses according to their biological characteristics, social status, and other conditions together form a community of individuals. It is clear that man acts as a connecting bridge between nature and society. It also leads to the conclusion that since man is an integral part of nature, the society they form cannot exist without nature. In other words, nature, man, and society function as a whole system and are components of that system. At this point, it is important to remember that society, which is one of the components of the system, is the highest developed form of material existence due to consciousness. It develops on the basis of a number of specific internal social laws. It is ecologically important that these laws do not hinder the development of other components of the system (nature and man). It is known that the stability of any system requires that the components develop in a mutually compatible manner and that the relationship between them is in a balanced state, otherwise the system will break down and lose its original properties [2, p. 5-8].From the information given about the planet Earth, there is currently no alternative planet other than Earth for human habitation. Its nature, flora and fauna are one. It is also unlikely that if a person destroys them, he will ever be able to find a replacement. Natural being is the sole foundation of man and society. Nature, man and society they are one whole. They need to develop them together. One cannot be separated from the other. If both are done in harmony, the system will be set up correctly. To do this, it is necessary to bring up children in a positive attitude to mother nature, starting from kindergarten, that is, from "preschool and primary education." That is, the attitude to nature must begin with simple things; not to break the branches of trees, to explain that fruits will grow from it in the future, not to burn the collected tree leaves, it is necessary to know that it emits various dangerous gases to the environment, it is dangerous not only for the environment but also for living beings. it is necessary to know that and to give similar agespecific knowledge.
It is necessary to use integrated ecological education in the lessons of Natural Sciences in the primary grades (grades 1-2 in the world around us). Not only science, technology, physical education and fine arts classes need to pay special attention to this. At the same time it is necessary to pay attention to the development of creative activity. They need more time to create. It is necessary to develop the skills of making different things with their own hands, planting seedlings with their own hands, keeping themselves healthy. As his knowledge of nature increases, his love for his motherland, his sense of beauty, and his enjoyment of nature make him realize that