Effects Of Sideration On The Number Of Weeds Used At Different Times

In keeping up and expanding soil fertility by applying siderite (green manure), increasing the yield of cotton by planting and cultivating pisum, pea, rapeseed, and grain as siderite crops from selected plants; amid cultivation, 39-51 tons of green biomass per hectare was collected in summer and 17-22 tons in autumn, and their effect on weed numbers were determined. In this case, in the experimental field, more perennial weeds were found, such as salomalaykum (Cyperus rotundus L.), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.), ajrik (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.), and annuals were found in semizoot (Portulaca oleracea L.), white sorghum (Chenopodium album L.), common rosemary (Amaranthus retleflexus L.), ituzum (Solanum nigrum) and others were observed. As a result, the number of yearly and perennial weeds beneath the influence of summer sideration diminished by 2.4-2.6 units compared to the control option before the 1st cultivation between cotton rows, and by 4.6-4.7 units before the final irrigation, or under the influence of autumn sideration. In accordance with the over, a decrease of 2.8-3.1 units was accomplished, and before the final irrigation - to 5.0 units. The most noteworthy reduction in weeds was observed in rapeseed and barley variants utilized as siderates in both experiments.

The American Journal of Agriculture and Boimedical Engineering (ISSN -2689-1018)

INTRODUCTION
The extension of the area beneath cereals and the specialization of ranches in grain crops will lead to an increment in the share of cereals in crop turn, the improvement of particular diseases, weeds, and bugs. The as it were way to restrain such negative situations is to plant intermediate crops.

THE MAIN FINDINGS AND RESULTS
S.Savenkov, L.Dobromyslova [6. pp. 132-134] used 25 t / ha of siderate, 60 t / ha of manure, 6 t / ha of straw, and their blends. Studies have shown that the antiphytopathological potential of barley in the accumulation phase is 10.3% in the control, 44.1 within the siderate; 50.6 in fertilizers; whereas straw was 35.9%, whereas siderate, manure, and straw were 60.9% when used together. In addition, beneath the influence of sideration, the harmful (toxic) occurrence in the soil driving layer is sharply reduced.
Scientists from the Bulgarian Institute of Tobacco and Tobacco Products have determined [K. Dovban, 3. p. 404] that root extracts of rapeseed, esparto, alfalfa, and oats affect the richness of sorghum seeds, and the effect of root extracts can be used in practice to combat parasites.
L.Saad [15. pp. 6-8], an oily radish root system releases a specific inhibitor into the soil, disrupting the conductive system of the rhizome. Planting intermediate crops of cabbage, especially oilseed radish, inhibits the growth of weeds, so it can reduce the use of herbicides or lead to their complete non-use.
K.Dovban [3. p. 404], on the other hand, cauliflowers (autumn and spring rapeseed, surepitsa, and oily radish close to them) don't appear to coordinate allelopathic activity in relation to the plant. The address arises when rapeseed is used in biological control against competitive weeds such as weeds?: this condition is affected not by the direct allelopathic dynamic substance of rapeseed but by some other mechanism. Even in the absence of direct allelopathic dynamic substances against weeds in the plant, their impact is by implication related to the allelopathic impact, among which microorganisms are included. Accordingly, the creators emphasize that cauliflower crops are a great factor within the steady interaction with microorganisms and play a vital part in cleaning the soil from infections. The utilize of cauliflower enhances the prophylactic sterile impact of the edit revolution. They can be used with complete certainty in the healing of microbiocenosis in any soil condition. E.Haramoto, E.R.Gallandt [13. op. 187-198] reduced the density of 16 species of weeds to 23-34% when applied to cabbage flower crops as a siderate, delaying the germination of weed seeds by 2 days compared to pure plowing.
The agro phytocoenosis method of combating weed defilement is the use of artificially made profoundly competitive cultivated plant species against the effects of weeds.
The importance of reducing the number of weeds within the areas is gigantic in expanding edit yields. On irrigated lands, the importance of this measure is even greater, because as a result of irrigating crops, many weed seeds Proper organization of crop rotation is also important in the fight against weeds, and it is important to choose it on a scientific basis, especially the previous crop.

RESEARCH METHODS
Conducting field experiments, planting, caring for crops, harvesting and analysis of the generally accepted Uzbek Scientific Research Institute of Botany, (1986); the methods of the Uzbek Cotton Research Institute (1981,2007) were used.

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
In the current framework of cultivating, ie in the system of cotton-grain rotation, it is vital to study the issue of weeds and apply practical measures in the introduction of intermediate crops. In this regard, when we utilized siderate crops, we constantly took into account the number of weeds in the cotton field. To do this, agreeing to the strategy of I. Maltsev, weeds were taken from the roots of 1 m2 zone at certain interims, partitioned into species, the number was calculated and the number of weeds per hectare was determined.
Contamination of the field with weeds was carried out by counting the weeds between the rows of cotton. In this case, the number of weeds before the first and last cultivation of cotton row spacing was calculated according to the options and the type was studied.  Due to the fact that the number of weeds in the siderate-applied variant is lower than in the control-siderate variant, the vacant area after the main crop, especially grain, is irrigated for repeated sowing, at which point the weed seeds start to germinate.
In the process of preparing the soil for planting, weeds and many seeds that germinate are killed and buried deep. In addition, the intermediate crops are cared for until late autumn after germination, amid which the weeds are also lost, whereas the green mass prepared for siderate is crushed and buried in the soil using the same procedure, along with those mass weeds and their seeds are also buried. This condition leads to a subsequent decrease in the number of weeds.
One of the main reasons for the loss of weed seeds is the breakdown of the glucosinolates in rapeseed into sulfur compounds, thiocyanates. Glucosinolates -have a toxic effect, preventing the growth of weed seeds and reproductive organs in the soil.
Thus, the use of pusim, peas, barley and rapeseed as a siderate is due to their alleleopathic effect on the reduction of weed germinated seeds in the driving subsoil of the soil.

CONCLUSION
1. In order to preserve and increase soil fertility with the use of sideration (green manure), to increase the yield of cotton, 39-51 tons per hectare in the summer and 17-5 tons in the autumn. Up to 22 tons of green biomass will be collected. 2. The number of annual and perennial weeds under the influence of summer and autumn sideration is 2.4-2.6 and 2.8-3.1 pieces, respectively, before the 1st pre-cultivation and between the rows of cotton and 4.6-4 before the final irrigation, a decrease of 7 and 5.0 units were provided.