Problems Of Economic Security Of Enterprises And The Main Directions Of Their Solution

The article describes the problems of economic security of enterprises and the main directions of their solution. It outlines the principles of economic security of the enterprise, the tasks of ensuring the security of the enterprise, the conceptual directions for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise.


INTRODUCTION
The issue of security is an integral part of our daily lives, which is an objective necessity. Its provision has always been important, everywhere, for everyone, for living beings and things (products, goods, buildings, structures, etc.). The importance of this issue can also be seen in the fact that in addition to humans, even animals take appropriate measures to ensure their safety. So security is a process that is always, everywhere, necessary for everyone.
Security is not a process that has emerged today, it is humanity that has emerged, has always been relevant, and is bound to remain The American Journal of Management and Economics Innovations (ISSN -2693-0811) Published: May 31, 2021 | Pages: 80-85 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmei/Volume03Issue05-13 IMPACT FACTOR 2021: 5. 562 so. As a result, security is one of the most important issues for human peace, stability and development of society.
In the security system, as noted above, economic security also has a role to play. Because it is difficult to talk about economic development without economic security. The emergence of economic entities requires a lot of money and time. In order to ensure their free operation and development, it is necessary to ensure its comprehensive security.
In the context of economic liberalization, while all enterprises are given independence and freedom, ensuring its economic security is also a very important process of great urgency and socio-economic significance. In order to properly and fully understand this process, it is necessary to address not only its theoretical issues, but also a number of practical and legal issues, as well as the development of their scientific and practical solutions. However, much remains to be done in this regard, and ensuring that the existing problems are resolved is also one of the most important issues today. This is because ensuring the economic security of an enterprise does not happen by itself. This event also requires the solution of a number of specific theoretical and practical problems.
Problems related to the economic security of enterprises today can be divided into three groups:  Theoretical problems;  Legal issues;  Practical problems. Theoretical problems related to the economic security of enterprises include: 1) The economic literature does not disclose the role and importance of the security system, including economic security; 2) The concept of economic security has not yet been agreed upon by domestic scientists; 3) The lack of a scientifically based stratified system of economic security for the country, territory, business entities, each person; 4) Insufficient substantiation of the principles of economic security of the enterprise; 5) Insufficient development of the main tasks of ensuring economic security of enterprises; 6) Lack of conceptual guidelines for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise; 7) The issue of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise is not formed as a science.
Legal issues of economic security of the enterprise include: Despite the importance of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise, the country has not yet developed a law "On Economic Security"; • Lack of normative documents to ensure the economic security of the enterprise, based on the characteristics of each enterprise; • Lack of organizational and structural system to ensure the economic security of the enterprise.
Among the practical problems that need to be addressed to ensure the economic security of the enterprise are the following: Lack of a system of indicators for assessing the economic security of enterprises; The lack of identification of the system of factors affecting the economic security of the enterprise and the lack of development of methods for calculating their impact, leaving the internal capacity for security untapped; The costs of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise are not taken into account separately, as a result of which they are not given the opportunity to assess the effectiveness of the costs; Problems such as the fact that the economic security service of the enterprise is not integrated into one system and the issues of their management are not fully resolved The system of theoretical problems related to the economic security of enterprises is that the system of security in the economic literature today, in which the role and importance of economic security is still not sufficiently explained.
Another problem that needs to be addressed is that the scientists of our country have not yet come to an agreement on the concept of economic security. Given that this issue is poorly studied in our country and is almost not covered in the economic literature, we have given an author's definition of many concepts related to the economic security of the enterprise.
Ensuring the economic security of every country is an objective necessity. For this, an economic security system must be developed. At present, there is no scientifically based stratified system of economic security by country, region, business entity, individual.
Another important problem is that the principles of economic security of the enterprise are not sufficiently substantiated.
The security of the enterprise is organized on the basis of seven principles. A description of these is given in the literature cited above. The literature defines the principles of economic security of the enterprise as follows: The principle of economic security of the enterprise is a set of economic supports aimed at the implementation of targeted strategic and tactical programs to ensure it . We remain of this opinion on the principle of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise.
One of the important problems related to the economic security of enterprises is that its main functions are not sufficiently developed in the economic literature.The tasks of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise are partially covered in the textbook prepared under the guidance of B.A Abdukarimov. His expanded and appropriately refined commentary is reflected in our published work. .
In fact, one of the most important tasks of any enterprise is to ensure its economic security. There is no dependency in this work. If every business does not provide its own security, no one else will come and provide it. This process involves a lot of activities. This can also be seen in the diagram below.There are 8 tasks to ensure the security of the enterprise. It is worthwhile to consider in a broader context a description of what each of them consists of.

Preventing the interference of external
entities in the activities of the enterprise. At present, the President has planned and is planning to do this. Along with a number of laws guaranteeing freedom of entrepreneurial activity, resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers, Presidential Decrees and Resolutions have also been adopted. 2. To prevent the disruption of the effective working environment within the enterprise, to be able to objectively assess the work of each employee. Where there is objectivity, honesty, the stability of the mental environment between people, work communities is ensured. In such circumstances, labor is bound to be productive. Because of this, today's business leader must be smart enough to know the psyche of the people, to fully satisfy it, to establish justice among the workforce. It is very difficult to ensure the safety of an enterprise where the scales of justice are violated. This is because the presence of an internal hazard is more dangerous than an external hazard in the operation of an enterprise. the workforce consists mainly of family groups composed of relatives. Their purpose, interest, and motivation coincide in many ways. In such circumstances, a positive solution to the problem may be easier. But it's always hard to find professionals from families to run the business. Then you have to hire someone. This requires adherence to generally accepted procedures and principles in the organization of labor.4. Take measures not to lag behind their competitors in the market in terms of product quality (work, service), price. In today's free competition environment, businesses need to have enough information about their competitors to ensure their safety. If the same goods or services are of high quality in the manufacturing enterprises, they may lose in competition with the same price. This can happen again if the price is high and the quality is the same. In this situation, the company's management must constantly improve the quality of products and services, as well as control their prices. The price cannot be artificially reduced. This should be achieved by reducing the cost of the product.
In the context of market relations, the emergence of free competition during the development of business entities should be seen as a regulatory element of the market. However, this issue is not sufficiently covered in the economic literature. In particular, the issue of assessment and analysis of entrepreneurial activity and the competitiveness of the product is not considered at all. Due to this, special attention is paid to these issues in the work. Another aspect of this is that in a market system, when its principles are fully operational, it is natural that if the entrepreneur does not ensure his competitiveness, he will break, he will fall into crisis.In order to determine the competitiveness of his product, an entrepreneur must know how to evaluate and analyze it.
In order to ensure its competitiveness in the market system, the entrepreneur is interested in multiplying the following three, most important elements. To them: 1. Workload, i.e., the increase in the production of goods, the performance of work, and the provision of services. 2. If possible, increase the price of goods (products, works, services). 3. Improving the quality of goods (works, services).The relationship between these elements can be expressed as follows (Figure 1.1). 4. Always be aware of the rapid changes in market conditions and ensure development in accordance with it. This task is also very important in an environment where market relations prevail and its principles are deepening. Ensuring the economic security of the enterprise requires regular study of the market environment. This situation also requires a great deal of knowledge and experience from the management and specialists of the enterprise. It is clear that the security of the enterprise is difficult to achieve on its own. 5. Keeping secrets such as production, technological, commercial. Prevention of dissatisfaction of rare specialists. Keeping its trade secrets is also important in ensuring the security of businesses.

Factors that
Because if an enterprise is successful, if it is in the forefront of the competition, of course, it has a certain level of uniqueness. While it is necessary to try to preserve them as much as possible, not to disclose them to the environment, for this purpose the enterprise should preserve the very unique and experienced personnel working in it. At the same time, staff turnover is unacceptable. Measures should be taken to keep them stable in their workplaces. 6. Ensuring the safety of the enterprise territory, property and other material resources, taking measures to prevent their theft and loss. One of the important aspects of the economic security of the enterprise is also directly related to the safety of their property. It is necessary to create appropriate conditions for storage of the product. It is impossible to allow the goods to be damaged and spoiled before the expiration date. If these products break, care must also be taken to ensure their integrity. It is also necessary to pay constant attention to the prevention of theft and loss of products.. 7. When choosing partners, constantly study their financial situation and not neglect the appropriate organizational work to ensure their financial stability. This task is also one of the important measures aimed at ensuring the safety of enterprises. However, at present, the information on the financial and economic activity of many enterprises does not indicate its real financial condition. Because there are so many "professions" to avoid taxes that it is difficult to identify them without the staff of a special control body. Therefore, this issue should also be in the focus of management. However, we would like to emphasize that in order to ensure the economic security of the enterprise, first of all, its management and specialists must work honestly. The trick is to get out one day and go bankrupt one day, forcing the owner to pay various fines. Because of this, it is always economically safe to learn to make a fortune in an honest way. In this case, the head of the enterprise may not be afraid of any fines and other mandatory payments..
The fulfillment of the above-mentioned tasks related to ensuring the economic security of the enterprise plays an important role in ensuring its economic stability. It was noted that the economic security of the enterprise is not self-sufficient. Therefore, this issue should always be in the focus of the officials involved in the enterprise (owner, manager, manager, specialists and all employees, as well as interested organizations such as tax, finance, banking). It makes sense to acknowledge that this is everyone's business.
To ensure the economic security of enterprises, including service providers, their condition should be regularly assessed. This, in turn, requires the development of a system of indicators that represent them. In addition, it is advisable to establish a security service department to ensure economic security. This makes it necessary to keep separate records of security personnel and to take into account the costs associated with providing security. It should be noted that one of the next important problems is the lack of conceptual guidelines for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise. Given that this issue is almost not covered in the economic literature, we will limit ourselves to quoting our own opinion on the subject.In our opinion, this includes: 1) Improvement of the system of protection of the territory of the enterprise and providing them with modern technical means; 2) Creation and continuous improvement of the system of protection of enterprise property (fixed assets, inventories, raw materials and semi-finished and finished products, etc.); 3) Improvement of security in the process of transportation of property of enterprises in accordance with modern requirements; 4) Improving the information and scientific and technical security of enterprises; 5) Development and improvement of measures to ensure the safety of the company's management and property owners; 6) Improving the system of rapid reporting to law enforcement agencies of incidents related to theft and burglary at the enterprise; 7) Introduction of access to the enterprise; 8) Improving security with competitors; 9) Development of systems and methods of assessment and analysis of economic security of the enterprise and improvement of their efficiency.These conceptual directions also ensure the effectiveness of the basic conditions and factors of economic security of enterprises. In conclusion, we believe that the implementation of these issues is important for the economic development of society and there is no need to comment.