Issues Of Studying Expected Life In Uzbekistan (On The Example Of The Tashkent Region)

This article reveals the history and practical significance of calculating the life expectancy of the world’s population in the World Health Organization (WHO) assessment criteria. Uzbekistan has adopted many laws aimed at socio-economic and demographic development of the country. The impact of these laws is reflected in the stable relationship between the dynamics of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the population and the parameters of economic and social development. The research work is devoted to the introduction of the indicator of life expectancy (hereinafter LE) of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as an indicator for calculating health insurance.

reflecting the gender characteristics of this phenomenon [12].
Life expectancy is one of the main indicators of the quality of the health system in the assessment criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO . The theoretical foundations of this method were developed by W. Farr. The basis of the above method was constructed on the data of statistics of age-specific mortality and age-sex structure of the population obtained during censuses and current population census. An alternative method for constructing life tables was also developed by R. Beck. His theory included the direct calculation of the indicators of the life table in a situation where the distribution of deaths on the elementary aggregates of the Lexis grid is known. The modern version of the demographic method for constructing mortality tables was developed in the 19th century by the American demographer C. Chan. This method is implemented in special applied packages for demographic analysis.
The first mortality tables were constructed using the death list method [4]. This method is used in the absence of data on the age structure of the population and is based on the following assumptions: a slow change in the number of births, a slow change in age mortality, a closed population. The grouping of the deceased by age is used as the initial statistical data. In this case, the ratio of the number of deaths at age x to the total number of deaths over a certain period of time gives dx = Mx / M. Subtracting dx sequentially from l0 = 1, we obtain the lx series, and then all the other indicators of the table.
If, with a constant birth rate and mortality rate, the number of birth changes exponentially with the denominator e k , then to calculate the numbers dying dx, we obtain the following formula: The so-called demographic method is used to calculate modern mortality tables for the conventional generation. The demographic method for constructing mortality tables assumes the availability of not only data on the distribution of deaths by age, but also data on the age structure of the population.
The initial indicator for calculating tables by this method is the age-specific mortality rate, which is equated to the table age-specific mortality rate. The key point of the demographic method of constructing life tables is the transition from mortality rates to the probabilities of dying life tables.
To switch to tabular die probabilities, use the following formula: Where n is the length of the age interval, nαxaverage number of person-years, lived in the interval from x to x + n years who died in this interval.
Taking into account the fact that the survival function is nonlinear throughout its entire length, the American demographer T. Greville proposed in 1943 an adjusted formula for the transition from real mortality rates to the probabilities of death in the mortality  (4), |Where x is the exact age, n is the length of the age interval (table step),nmx -age-specific mortality rate reduced to 1, nqx -the probability of dying in the age range from x to x + n years.
When calculating short life tables, the method of V.V. Paevsky, first implemented for calculating mortality tables for the population of the USSR in 1926 -1927 [8]. The number of survivors of age x + n is calculated using the following formula: Where lx is the number of survivors of age x, and nmx is the mortality rate in the age range from x to x + n.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A lot of laws have been adopted in Uzbekistan, focused on the socio-economic and demographic maturation of the state. The action of these laws is manifested in a stable localization between the statics of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the state of the population and the parametric development of the economy and social sphere. Therefore, demographic forecasts are the basis for building plans for the development of the economy, labor resources, forecasts for the development and functioning of the service sector. Therefore, forecasting demographic development in most cases precedes the development of other types of forecast. Based on statistical data, we will build a table of economic activity (employment) of the Tashkent region. It should be noted that the table of economic activity or employment depends on the table of survival. The first column is the age group. We have the following age groups (up to 16 years old, 16-24 years old, 25-29 years old, 30-39 years old, 40-49 years old, 50-54 years old, 55 years old and older). The next column is the age indicators of economic activity. For example, for returns 40-49, we have an agerelated indicator of economic activity equal to The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations (ISSN -2689-100x) Published: September 10, 2020 | Pages: 53-58 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/Volume02Issue09-09 IMPACT FACTOR 2020: 5. 525 0.6, and so on for each age. From the table of survival, we use the number of those living to age x and the number of those living at a given age X or a given age group. Next, we get the number of employed model stationary population. For example, the above indicator is at the age of 30-39 the highest. At the end of all calculations, we obtain the average duration of the forthcoming working (economically active) life of the population at age x (see table 1).  The table shows that by 2050 in the Tashkent region, people aged 45-49 will predominate in the total share of the male population, and in smaller proportions will be those over 80 years old. In women, most of all will come at the age of 40-44 years. In general, by 2050, the number of 30-34 year olds will increase and the share of 5-9 year olds will sharply fall. By 2050, there will be such a situation that by the age of 50-54 the number of women will be less than that of men, and only at the age of 55 they will be equal. It should be noted that at the age of 5-9 years, both men and women will decline sharply. However, women at this age will decline more (by 0.5% relative to the baseline period).

CONCLUSION
In short, the Republic of Uzbekistan is the leader in Central Asia in terms of life expectancy. This is confirmed by the results of a Global Load Weight Study published by the medical publication The Lancet. According to